By Craig Erlam
It’s been another lively week in financial markets and one in which investors have become increasingly hopeful that 2023 won’t be as bad as feared.
In a way, the week started with the jobs report the Friday before as this enabled the enthusiasm to build. The labour market has been a major barrier to optimism as the Fed was never going to pivot quickly, unless there were signs in the labour market that slack was building and wages cooling. We’re now starting to see that.
That optimism has been compounded by the first monthly inflation decline of -0.1% in two and a half years and further sharp annual declines in both the headline and core readings.
While the final hurdle to 2% may be the most challenging, there’s no doubt we’re heading in the right direction and the threat of entrenched inflation has greatly receded.
Now it’s over to corporate America to potentially spoil the party as the enthusiasm on inflation is not yet matched to the economic outlook.
We haven’t seen mass layoffs yet, but a number of firms, starting in the tech space but spreading further, have warned of large redundancies in the coming months.
The fourth quarter earnings season may bring investors back down to earth with a bang. The start of the year has been fantastic but the rest of it will still be very challenging.
More bleak Chinese trade data
That’s very evident in the Chinese trade data, as it has in the data of other major trading nations in recent months.
Imports and exports both slumped again, albeit to a slightly lesser degree than expected. The drop in imports reflects the Covid adjustment which is likely weighing on demand and the local economy.
Exports is a global issue, with those to the US and EU sliding the most, reflecting the challenging economic environment. That may not improve in the near term, but there will be a hope that it could in the second half of the year.
Can UK avoid recession?
The optimists may point to some of the recent data as an indication of some resilience in the economy, but I’m not convinced.
Take the UK, for example. It may not be in a technical recession after all, with spending around the World Cup enabling a better performance in November, delivering growth of 0.1%, after a 0.5% gain in October.
Aside from the fact that December could be worse as a result, or some of those gains could be revised out, those numbers don’t change the reality of the cost-of-living crisis and if accurate, it more likely reflects shifted spending patterns as opposed to a more willing consumer.
A recession may be delayed but the economy is still under immense strain.
The end of the tightening cycle
The Bank of Korea may be among the first central banks to bring its tightening cycle to an end, after raising the Base Rate by 25 basis points, before removing reference to the need to hike further. This was replaced with a commitment to judge whether rates will need to rise depending on multiple factors, including incoming data.
I think most others won’t be far behind, with in most cases the end coming at some point in the first quarter. All we have to contend with is the economic consequences of the tightening.
BoJ under pressure to abandon YCC
And then there’s the anomaly out there.
I’m not talking about Turkey’s CBRT, which I just can’t take seriously and that’s saying something at the moment.
The Bank of Japan shocked the markets in December by widening its yield curve control buffer around 0% and it’s been paying the price ever since.
Another unscheduled bond buying overnight occurred on the back of the 10-year JGB breaching 0.5%, as investors bail on Japanese debt on the belief that the YCC tool is being phased out and will be abandoned altogether before long.
This makes the meeting next week all the more interesting.
Will economic optimism be spoiled?
Oil prices were on the rise again on Friday, buoyed by renewed optimism on interest rates.
The fact remains that the first half of the year, at least, will be enormously challenging for the global economy, but lower terminal rates and even cuts later in the year will cushion the blow and could see it outperform current expectations.
That, along with the resurgence in China, will be a big plus for crude demand and could keep the price well supported.
Of course, it now has to contend with what Wall Street has to throw its way in the coming weeks. That will likely include weak earnings, bleak forecasts and potentially job loss announcements.
Maybe we’ll all feel a little less hopeful if that materialises as feared, which could weigh a little on oil after the recent surge.
Record highs for Gold?
Gold continued its powerful start to the year with another small gain on Friday, breaching $1,900 in the process. It’s now right in the middle of the $1,880-1,920 range that has been so pivotal in recent years.
That could see it run into strong resistance in the coming sessions, although as yet momentum is only improving. That will give gold bulls comfort and should it hold long enough to breach the upper end of that range, it could be a very positive signal.
Suddenly $2,000, even record highs, could be in sight.
BTC revival underway?
The risk rally over the last week has even lifted bitcoin out of its pit of despair.
It goes without saying that it’s been a tough few months for cryptos, but the lack of recent contagion in the space, or new revelations, and the risk rebound in broader markets has lifted it off its lows to trade at its highest level since the FTX scandal erupted.
It’s trading at $19,000 and traders may harbour some hope of a move back above $20,000, a level once deemed a disturbing low, but now potentially representing a sign of a revival.
Craig Erlam is Senior Market Analyst, UK & EMEA at OANDA
Opinions are the author’s, not necessarily that of OANDA Global Corporation or any of its affiliates, subsidiaries, officers or directors. Leveraged trading is high risk and not suitable for all. Losses can exceed investments.
