Economy grows at soft pace

An emergency dose of government stimulus helped the economy grow at a 1.9% annual rate in the second quarter, a soft pace but enough to take it off a path perilously close to recession.
Revised data from the Commerce Department released with the second-quarter figures on Thursday showed national output shrank in the final quarter of 2007 before barely edging up at the start of this year.
"With the boost from tax rebates now fading, lower interest rates having little positive impact and signs emerging that overseas demand is weakening, we expect the economy to contract outright in the second half of this year," said Paul Ashworth, senior U.S. economist for Capital Economics of London.
As the countdown to the November 4 presidential elections continues, Bush administration officials insisted the economy could keep growing and dismissed calls from prominent Democrats on Capitol Hill for a second economic stimulus program, saying it was not warranted by recent economic reports.
"I think the politicians are much more concerned about the polls than the economic data," White House budget chief Jim Nussle said during a CNBC television interview. President George W. Bush told a coal producers meeting he considered the economy on a sound footing.
"Exports are on the rise. Durable goods orders are strong. That suggests that businesses are anticipating a better second half of the year," Bush said.
The second-quarter advance in gross domestic product followed a slim revised growth rate of 0.9% rate in the first quarter, previously reported as 1%.
That followed a 0.2% contraction in GDP during the final quarter of last year and skirted the popular definition of recession, which is back-to-back quarters of declining output, but it provided no comfort to financial markets.
Stocks fell and Treasury debt prices gained as investors sought safer haven. The dollar held steady against other major currencies.
Adding to a sense of foreboding about the economy, new claims for jobless benefits unexpectedly jumped 44,000 last week. Though Labor Department officials said special factors were at play, the jump in claims just before Friday's unemployment report for July reinforced worry about a deeper downturn if consumers retrench on spending for fear of losing their jobs.
Payrolls have declined for six straight months, and analysts expect a drop of 75,000 to be reported for non-farm payrolls in July.
Economists surveyed by Reuters had expected GDP to advance by a slightly more robust 2% in the second quarter.
The Commerce Department said businesses reduced inventories at the sharpest rate since the end of 2001, a possible sign they anticipate restrained growth ahead.
A key reading on core inflation — personal consumption expenditures excluding food and energy — rose at a 2.1% annual rate in the second quarter after gaining 2.3% in the first quarter. The moderation in core prices came despite a jump in overall prices of 4.2% from 3.6% in the first quarter.
Consumer spending, which fuels two-thirds of U.S. economic activity, grew at a 1.5% annual rate in the second quarter, up from 0.9% in the first quarter and 1% in the fourth quarter last year. The department noted that personal incomes had risen more sharply in the second quarter and attributed it primarily to the stimulus payments the government was issuing to qualifying consumers.
The economy continues to be hobbled by a severe downturn in the housing sector but the drag from it was less severe in the second quarter. Spending on home building contracted at a 15.6% annual rate in the second quarter, down from rates of 25.1% in the first quarter and 27% in last year's fourth quarter.
The department also issued benchmark revisions for the three-year period 2005-2007, which showed growth was weaker in each year than previously thought. GDP grew 2% in 2007 instead of 2.2%, 2.8% instead of 2.9% in 2006 and 2.9% rather than 3.1% in 2005.
The fourth quarter of 2007 was the weakest three months since the third quarter of 2001 amid the last official recession when GDP shrank at a 1.4% rate.
Businesses kept reducing inventories in the second quarter, possibly a sign that they are bracing for a prolonged period of lackluster growth. Stocks of unsold goods declined at a $62.2 bln rate — the sharpest since an $86.7-bln rate in the fourth quarter of 2001 — after decreases of $10.2 bln in the first quarter and $8.1 bln in the fourth quarter.